PGP vs. Super Visa: Which is best to Bring your Parents or Grandparents to Canada?

by Immilaw Team | Jan 20, 2025 | Canada Immigration

Are you looking to bring your parents or grandparents to Canada? Many families face this big decision, and figuring out the best way to do it can be a bit tricky. You have two options: the Super Visa and the Parents and Grandparents Program (PGP).

Each pathway has its features and benefits, and it all depends upon which one fits your family’s needs. Whether you want them to visit for a while or settle down permanently, understanding these programs will help you make the right choice.

The blog will discuss the ins and outs of these programs and help you determine which one best meets your family’s needs.

Feature Super Visa Parents and Grandparents Program (PGP)

About Super Visa

The Super Visa is designed for parents and grandparents of Canadian citizens or permanent residents, allowing them to visit Canada for extended periods.

Key facts to note include the following:

1. Duration of Stay: Holders can stay in Canada for up to five years at a time without needing to renew their visa frequently.
2. Multiple Entries: The visa allows multiple entries over 10 years.
3. Eligibility Requirements: Sponsors must demonstrate sufficient income to support their relatives during their stay, provide proof of medical insurance coverage for at least one year, and establish relationships with the applicants.

About Parents and Grandparents Program (PGP)

The Parents and Grandparents Program allows eligible sponsors to bring their parents or grandparents to Canada as permanent residents.

Important aspects include:

1. Permanent Residency: Successful applicants gain PR status, allowing them to live, work, and study in Canada indefinitely.
2. Eligibility Criteria: Sponsors must meet minimum income thresholds for the past three years and sign a sponsorship agreement committing financial support.
3. Application Process: The PGP operates through a lottery system, making it highly competitive and offering limited opportunities yearly.

For a quick and temporary visit, the Super Visa is the best choice. It offers faster processing compared to the Parent and Grandparent Program, which is limited by a lottery system and annual intake caps. However, if your relatives are looking for long-term residency, applying for PR through the PGP is a better option.

Who is Eligible for the Super Visa and Parents and Grandparents Program?

To qualify for a Super Visa, your parents or grandparents must meet the following criteria:

Host Requirements:

They need a host who is their child or grandchild who must be:

1. A Canadian citizen, permanent resident, or registered Indian
2. At least 18 years old
3. Lives in Canada.
4. Capable of meeting the minimum necessary income requirements as per the family size.
5. A sponsorship agreement saying they are willing to provide financial support for the duration of their visit.

Health Insurance:

The Super Visa requires your parents or grandparents to obtain health insurance from either:

1. A Canadian insurance company, or
2. An insurance provider outside Canada approved by the Minister of Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship.

Your parents or grandparents must purchase health insurance that meets these conditions:

1. Valid for at least one year from the entry date.
2. Purchased from either a Canadian insurance company or an approved foreign insurer.
3. Covers health care, hospitalisation, and repatriation
4. Provides at least $100,000 in emergency coverage

What are the minimum income requirements for a Super Visa?

To qualify for the Super Visa, sponsors must meet the minimum necessary gross income based on their family size.

Let us explore the income thresholds:

These income levels ensure that sponsors have the financial capacity to support their parents or grandparents during their stay in Canada. You may contact us for more details and personalised needs.

Parents and Grandparents Program (PGP) Eligibility

To be eligible to sponsor your parents or grandparents through the PGP, you must meet the following criteria:

1. RCC must invite you to apply.
2. At least 18 years old.
3. Live in Canada and be a Canadian citizen, permanent resident, or registered Indian under the Canadian Indian Act.
4. Meet minimum income requirements
5. A sponsorship agreement stating you are willing to provide financial support for the duration of their visit.

What are the Income Requirements by Family Size for PGP?

To sponsor parents or grandparents under the PGP for the 2024 intake, sponsors must meet specific minimum income requirements based on their family size over the past three years.

Let us find out the minimum income requirements needed:

Beyond 7 members, you must add more to every Additional Member.

How to Apply for PGP?

As an applicant, you must submit a letter of invitation from your child or grandchild residing in Canada. This letter should include:

1. A promise of financial support for the duration of the visit
2. A list of individuals included in the family size calculation, including names and dates of birth.
3. The total number of people in the household.

For Quebec residents, if IRCC approves the sponsorship application, they will instruct you to submit an undertaking application to the Quebec immigration ministry. It is crucial to wait to submit this application until IRCC provides confirmation, as premature submissions will not be processed.

What is the Application process for a Super Visa?

To apply for a Super Visa, the applicant must:

1. Be outside Canada at the time of application.
2. Have a Visa printed by a visa office
3. Have a child or grandchild who is a Canadian citizen or permanent resident living in Canada.
4. Not be inadmissible to Canada for health or security reasons.
5. Provide documents such as birth certificates that establish the relationship between the applicant and their child or grandchild.
6. Undergo a medical examination, with instructions provided by the visa office after application submission.
7. Prove they will voluntarily leave Canada at the end of their stay.

What are the key aspects related to visitor status for Super Visa?

Visitor Status Granted by Super Visa

The Super Visa grants visitor status only; holders are not authorized to work or study in Canada during their stay.

However, they may be considered residents of Canada for tax purposes, which requires them to file Canadian income tax returns annually.

Permanent Resident Status through PGP

There are many benefits for Sponsored individuals, including:

1. Sponsored parents and grandparents gain the legal right to live permanently in Canada.
2. They can work in Canada without restrictions
3. They have access to healthcare services in Canada
4. After fulfilling residency requirements, sponsored individuals can apply for Canadian citizenship
5. They can enjoy access to various Canadian social programs.
6. Their sponsor is responsible for covering any social assistance costs they receive during the undertaking period (20 years outside Quebec; 10 years in Quebec)

What are the processing times for PGP?

1. The cutoff date to apply for the 2024 intake of the PGP was August 2, 2024. Applicants for this intake were randomly selected from those who submitted their interest to apply in 2020.
2. The IRCC reports a processing time of approximately 24 months for those who have submitted their PGP applications.
3. There have been long wait times, and submitting an interest to sponsor form does not guarantee that a family member will receive an invitation to apply.
4. The IRCC aims to accept 20,500 complete applications from the 35,700 invitations from May 21, 2024.

What are the processing times for Super Visa?

1. There is no yearly cutoff date for applying for the Super Visa.
2. Once an application is submitted, it typically takes about three months or less to process.

While the PGP involves a lengthy process with significant wait times and no guaranteed invitation, the Super Visa offers a more immediate option for parents and grandparents visiting Canada.

How to calculate Family size for the PGP?

Sponsor’s Family Members

1. The Sponsor: The individual applying to sponsor their parents or grandparents.
2. Spouse or Common-Law Partner:

• The sponsor’s spouse, even if they are separated (in most cases).
• If the spouse or common-law partner is co-signing the application, include them for all three years of the undertaking.
• If they are not co-signing, include them only for the years they meet the definition of a spouse or common-law partner.

Dependent Children

The sponsor’s dependent children.

• The dependent children of the spouse or common-law partner
• Any dependent children of the dependent children
• Only include children for the years they meet the definition of a dependent child.

People Being Sponsored

• Principal Applicant – The individual being sponsored (parent or grandparent)
• Their spouse or common-law partner and their separated spouse unless either is in a common-law relationship with another person.

Dependent Children:

• The principal applicant’s dependent children
• The dependent children of their spouse or common-law partner
• Any dependent children of the dependent children

Always remember that the calculation must encompass all family members of the principal applicant, even if they are not coming to Canada or are already permanent residents or Canadian citizens.

How to calculate Family size for the Super Visa?

Host and Their Family Members

• The host
• The host’s spouse or common-law partner, even if separated (usually).
• Dependent children of the host and their spouse or common-law partner
• You and any other Super Visa applicants applying at the same time (such as your spouse or common-law partner)
• Children who meet the definition of a dependent child must be included regardless of custody and child support arrangements.

Previously Approved Super Visa Applicants

Include any previously approved Super Visa holders who were part of another letter of invitation signed by the host or their spouse/common-law partner that is still applicable.

Previously Sponsored Individuals

Include individuals for whom the host or co-signer has previously sponsored (or acted as a co-signer) where the duration of the undertaking is still in effect.

By accurately calculating family size for both programs, sponsors can ensure they meet income requirements and provide a complete application. You may contact us for a detailed consultation.

What Qualifies as a Dependent Child?

As per IRCC, a dependent child is:

1. who is younger than 22.
2. cannot be married or with no Common-Law Partner.

However, individuals aged 22 or older can qualify if:

• They have depended on their parents for financial support before turning 22.
• They cannot financially support themselves due to a mental or physical condition.

What documents are accepted to prove dependency?

Usually, the following documents are accepted to prove the legitimacy of the dependent relationship:

For Spousal Relationships

1. Marriage Certificate: A valid government-issued marriage certificate.
2. Joint Ownership Documents: Mortgage statements, bank statements, or lease agreements showing both names
3. Tax Returns: The first page of the most recent federal tax return indicating marital status.

For Domestic Partnerships

1. Domestic Partnership Registration: Proof of registration as a domestic partner
2. Proof of Financial Interdependence: Any three documents such as joint bank accounts, joint leases, or shared utility bills issued within the last 12 months.

For Parent-Child Relationships

1. Government-issued birth certificate: Must show the child’s parent(s) name(s).
2. Adoption Papers: Court-issued adoption decree and additional notarized documents if applicable.
3. Court Child Support Order: Shows the child’s parent(s) and confirms dependency.

Additional Supporting Documents

1. Proof of Cohabitation: Documents showing both parties reside at the same address, like utility bills or bank statements.
2. Affidavits or Notarized Letters: Confirming relationships, especially in cases with stringent requirements.

Now that you have enough details about both PGP and Super visas, you may be thinking about the expected fees required to sponsor your parents or grandparents through a PGP or Super visa. Let us break down the expected total costs for both pathways.

What will be the Estimated Fees for PGP and Super Visa?

Note: These fees are subject to change. Before applying, it is essential to check the official IRCC website for the most up-to-date information.

In conclusion, deciding between the Parents and Grandparents Program (PGP) and the Super Visa depends on what you need for your family. Suppose you want your parents or grandparents to visit Canada for long periods without becoming permanent residents. In that case, the Super Visa is a great option, allowing stays of up to five years. On the other hand, if you wish for them to live in Canada permanently, the PGP is the way to go. Consider your goals and circumstances carefully to determine which option best fits your family’s situation.

ImmiLaw Immigration Law Professional Corporation offers exceptional legal representation in immigration matters, particularly for those looking to sponsor their loved ones. Whether you are seeking to reunite with family members or navigate other immigration pathways, our team is committed to supporting your immigration journey at every step. Contact us for personalised needs and assistance.

Read to Know: How to Sponsor Your Spouse or Partner for Canadian Immigration?

How to Sponsor Your Spouse or Partner for Canadian Immigration?

by Immilaw Team | Jan 17, 2025 | Canada Immigration

Canada is an attractive destination for immigrants for various reasons, including its welcoming environment for newcomers, diverse opportunities for skilled workers, and high quality of life for all its residents. Additionally, the nation prioritizes social welfare with comprehensive healthcare and education systems that enhance the overall well-being of residents. The country makes it a sought-after location for those looking to build a better future for themselves and their families.

Sponsoring a spouse or partner for immigration to Canada is a crucial way to reunite families and allow loved ones to start a new life together. The Canadian spousal sponsorship program enables Canadian citizens and permanent residents to bring their spouses, common-law partners, or conjugal partners to Canada as permanent residents.

There are two main pathways for this process: Inland sponsorship for couples living together in Canada and Outland sponsorship for couples with one partner outside Canada. Each pathway has specific requirements, but both aim to ensure that relationships are genuine and that families can be together in Canada.

Who is eligible to sponsor a Spouse or Partner for Immigration to Canada?

Let’s check who is eligible to sponsor a spouse or partner for immigration to Canada.

Eligibility Requirements for Sponsors

• Age: Sponsor must be at least 18 years old.
• Status: Sponsor must be either a Canadian citizen or a permanent resident of Canada.
• Legal Standing: The sponsor must not be:

1. In prison
2. Bankrupt
3. Under a removal order
4. Charged with a serious offence.

• Previous Sponsorship: The sponsor should have sponsored only one spouse or partner within the last five years.
• Sign a Financial Undertaking: Sponsor must sign a Financial Undertaking. This legally binds them to support their foreign national spouse or common-law partner for up to three years, even if the relationship ends.

What Basic needs must Sponsors provide for their Spouse or partner in Canada?

Basic needs for sponsored individuals refer to the essential requirements the sponsor must fulfil. As per IRCC, the basic needs include the following:

Everyday Essentials

• Food: Provide adequate nutrition and meals.
• Clothing: Ensure access to appropriate clothing for different seasons and occasions.
• Shelter: Secure a safe and stable living environment.
• Other Needs: Cover additional necessities for daily living, such as hygiene products and household supplies.

Health Care Needs

• Dental Care: Provide access to dental services and treatments not covered by public health insurance.
• Eye Care: Ensure access to vision care, including eye exams, glasses, or contact lenses.
• Other Health Needs: Cover any other medical expenses not included in the public health services provided by the province or territory.

What relationship types qualify for spousal sponsorship in Canada?

The nature of the relationship between the sponsor and the sponsored individual determines eligibility for the pathways to spousal sponsorship in Canada.

The following categories define the types of relationships that qualify:

Types of Relationships

• Spouse: The individuals must be legally married. A marriage certificate from the relevant province or territory is sufficient if the marriage occurred in Canada. If it took place outside Canada, it must be valid under that country’s laws and Canadian federal law.
• Common-law Partner: This applies to couples who have lived together in a marriage-like relationship for at least 12 consecutive months. Continuous cohabitation is essential, with any time apart being short and temporary.
• Conjugal Partner: A conjugal partner is someone with whom the sponsor has maintained a committed relationship for more than 12 months, but significant obstacles have prevented them from living together. These obstacles may include immigration barriers or cultural/religious beliefs.

Read to Know: Bringing Family to Canada: Who Can I Sponsor?

What are the processing times for Spousal sponsorship?

IRCC has set a service standard of 12 months for processing spousal sponsorship applications, whether applicants submit them through Inland or Outland pathways. However, actual processing times can vary based on factors such as the type of application, the visa office handling it, and individual circumstances. Some may take up to 6 months, and some may take a little longer to 24 months, depending upon the specific case.

The processing time for

1. Inland Sponsorship: Approximately 10 months.
2. Outland Sponsorship: Around 13 months for applications submitted from outside Canada.

Inland Sponsorship: Key Facts for Spouses and Partners

An immigration process that allows Canadian citizens and permanent residents to sponsor their spouses or common-law partners for permanent residence while they are living together in Canada is Inland sponsorship. Here are the key facts to note if you are the sponsor:

• Valid Temporary Resident Status: The foreign national must have valid temporary resident status in Canada, either as a visitor or with a work or study permit.
• Spousal Open Work Permit (SOWP): If already living in Canada, the sponsored partner may apply for a Spousal Open Work Permit simultaneously with their PR application.
• Co-habitation Requirement: Spouses and common-law partners must live together at the time of application submission. Couples in conjugal relationships are not eligible for inland sponsorship.
• Travel Recommendations: IRCC advises that applicants must stay in Canada while their application is being processed. Leaving Canada may hinder reentry, particularly if a visitor visa is required.

You may gather relevant supporting documents that demonstrate the genuineness of the relationship and the eligibility of both parties. For an effective application submission and hassle-free process, you may contact our team.

Outland Sponsorship: Things You Must Know as a Sponsor

Outland sponsorship allows Canadian citizens and permanent residents to sponsor their spouse, common-law partner, or conjugal partner for Canadian PR. It is suitable for couples where the sponsored individual is not residing in Canada at the time of application.

In order to sponsor the partner, the relationship must be one of the following:

• Spouse: Legally married with a valid marriage recognized in Canada.
• Common-law partner: Cohabiting for at least 12 continuous months.
• Conjugal partner: In a committed relationship for at least 12 months, unable to live together due to significant barriers.

Things to Remember:

• Travel Flexibility: Sponsored individuals can travel in and out of Canada while their application is being processed, making this option suitable for those needing to maintain travel.
• Financial Responsibilities: Sponsors must commit to financially supporting their spouse or partner for up to three years, ensuring they do not require social assistance.
• Dependent Children: Dependent children of the sponsored individual may also be included in the application and can receive an open work permit if eligible.

If an outland sponsorship application is denied, the applicant can appeal the decision within 30 days or choose to reapply. Common reasons for denial include failure to meet eligibility requirements or concerns about the relationship’s authenticity. Seeking legal assistance is advisable to navigate the appeal or reapplication process effectively.

You may contact ImmiLaw Immigration for a detailed consultation regarding sponsoring your spouse or partner for permanent residency in Canada. Our services include comprehensive application preparation and document review. We also provide personalized support to navigate the complexities of immigration regulations effectively. We ensure you receive expert guidance throughout the application process.

Feel free to contact us for a detailed and hassle-free consultation.

Read to Know: Is Criminal Inadmissibility Blocking Your Path to Canada? Here’s What to Do!

How Can You Improve Your Chances of Getting a Canadian Visa After a Rejection?

by Immilaw Team | Nov 27, 2024 | Canada Immigration

Starting a new life in Canada is a dream for many, filled with promises of opportunity, adventure, and a fresh start. However, receiving a rejection from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) can feel like a door slamming shut on that dream. But don’t lose hope!

A visa rejection is not the end of your journey; rather, it can be a valuable learning experience that opens up new avenues. Understanding the nuances of your situation—whether your application was refused or returned—can help you take the following steps toward achieving your Canadian dream.

Refused VS Returned Visa Applications

Refused vs. Returned Visa Applications refer to two distinct outcomes in the visa application process that can significantly impact an applicant’s journey. It is crucial to understand the differences between the two so that all applicants can effectively navigate the immigration process and improve their chances of success in future applications.

Refused Applications

An application is considered refused when a visa officer determines it fails to meet the criteria for the specific visa category you are applying for.

This refusal can stem from various factors, including:

• Insufficient Documentation: Missing or incomplete documents that fail to demonstrate your eligibility.
• Medical Inadmissibility: Health conditions that may pose risks to public health or safety (rare).
• Criminal Inadmissibility: Past criminal activity that violates admissibility standards (rare).

Implications of Refusal

• Any government processing fees paid are typically non-refundable.
• Additional steps may be needed, depending on the reason for refusal.

How to proceed after Visa Refusal?

If your visa is refused, the situation can become more complex compared to a returned application. Let us explore some situations and how to deal with them:

• If your visa is refused due to Medical or criminal Inadmissibility, you may Contact a qualified Canadian immigration lawyer to explore your options. You may also contact ImmiLaw Immigration Professional Corporation for expert assistance from our Immigration lawyer.

• If the refusal was due to inadequate documentation, you may still be eligible to enter Canada; however, you must reassess and strengthen your documentation. Engaging a Canadian immigration lawyer can be beneficial in correcting any errors from your initial submission.

• Temporary visa refusals arise from concerns that applicants may not depart Canada after their status expires. So, a refusal for a temporary visa—for study, work, or tourism— does not affect your eligibility for Canadian PR. A PR application is intended for long-term settlement in Canada. Thus, a refusal does not necessarily jeopardize your aspirations for living in Canada.

Returned Applications

A returned application indicates that your submission lacked adequate documentation to establish your eligibility or that the program’s quota was full at the time of receipt by immigration authorities.

Implications of Return:

• Government processing fees are usually refunded.
• The application is not assessed for eligibility, meaning no formal decision is made.

What to do if your Visa Application is Returned?

• If your application is returned due to exceeding quota limits for your chosen program, you must wait until the next intake period. Meanwhile, you may also explore other immigration categories that are still accepting applications.

• If the return was due to missing documents or errors in your application forms, this can often be rectified easily. You can address the issue by submitting the required documentation and reapplying without significant hurdles.

What Are the Common Reasons for Visa and Immigration Application Rejections?

When applying for various types of visas or immigration programs, understanding the common reasons for rejection can significantly improve your chances of success. Different categories, including visitor visas, student permits, temporary worker permits, and permanent residency applications, require specific requirements. If you fail to submit any document or so, your chances of visa rejection will be very high. So, you must understand the potential pitfalls before submitting your application.

By understanding these factors, you can better prepare your application and improve your chances of success.
Here are some of the common mistakes that any applicant can make that lead to visa rejection:

Common Reasons for Study Permit Rejections

• Weak Statement of Purpose (SOP): Unclear or unconvincing study plans and future goals.
• Insufficient financial proof: Inability to demonstrate funds for tuition and living expenses.
• Concerns About Intent: Suspicions that you may not leave Canada after your studies.
• Low Language Proficiency: Applicants do not meet the minimum language test scores.

Visitor Visa Rejections

• Lack of strong home ties: if you fail to prove your strong ties to your home country and are unable to prove that, you will return after your visit.
• Inadequate Financial Support: Failure to prove you can cover travel and living expenses during your stay.
• Incomplete or Inconsistent Documents: Missing documents or discrepancies in the information provided.

Temporary Worker Permit Rejections

• Lack of Qualifications: Not meeting the skills or experience requirements for the job.
• Job Offer Issues: Invalid or unverified job offers from Canadian employers.
• LMIA Concerns: Failure to provide a valid Labour Market Impact Assessment (if required).

Permanent Residency (PR) Rejections

• Low Comprehensive Ranking System (CRS) Score: Not scoring enough points under Express Entry criteria.
• Inadmissibility: Medical or criminal inadmissibility issues.
• Misrepresentation: Providing false or misleading information in your application may result in visa rejection.

Family Sponsorship Rejections

• Ineligibility of Sponsor: Not meeting financial or legal requirements to sponsor a family member may cause rejections.
• Missing Proof of Relationship: Insufficient evidence of genuine relationships for spousal or dependent sponsorship.

What are the Other Causes for Visa Rejections?

Certain countries require medical clearances for long-term visas. Many Indian visa applications were rejected due to health-related issues. Conditions that may burden the healthcare system of the destination country can be grounds for denial.
If you have unexplained gaps in your travel history or have visited countries flagged for immigration violations, that can be one reason for visa rejections.

Other common causes include applying under the wrong visa category, which can result in rejection. Timing your application is also crucial. Submitting a visa application too early or too late can lead to rejection.

By being aware of these common pitfalls and preparing accordingly, applicants can enhance their chances of successfully obtaining their desired visa or immigration status.

ImmiLaw Immigration Law Professional Corporation provides exceptional legal representation in immigration matters, ensuring the highest chances of visa success. Our dedicated team offers personalized services and one-on-one consultations, assisting international students, temporary foreign workers, entrepreneurs, and candidates seeking temporary or permanent residence in Canada.

Reach out to us and take the first step toward making Canada your home!

Read to Know: What is Judicial Review and How Can It Help with Immigration Refusals?

What is Judicial Review and How Can It Help with Immigration Refusals?

by Immilaw Team | Nov 4, 2024 | Canada Immigration

Judicial review is a legal process that enables individuals to challenge decisions made by immigration authorities. It allows a Federal Court judge to assess whether the actions of the immigration officials were fair and by the law.

If the judge finds that the decision-making process is flawed, they can order the authorities to reconsider the application.

While judicial review does not guarantee approval, it does ensure that the application receives a fair reassessment. This can be a valuable opportunity for individuals facing immigration refusals, providing a chance for a more equitable decision.

When Can You Appeal an Immigration Refusal?

If the judge allows the judicial review, the authorities must review the application. Alternatively, you may choose to bring your case to the Immigration Appeal Division (IAD) of the Immigration Refugee Board of Canada (IRB). This distinction between judicial review and appeal provides you with two potential paths to challenge an immigration refusal.

If your appeal is successful, the IAD adjudicator, often called a member, will generally approve your application. This member is responsible for hearing appeals and deciding on cases before the IAD. As a result, an appeal is often a more favorable option than a judicial review, which can be more time-consuming and uncertain.

How Does the Judicial Review Process Work?

The judicial review process is an essential option for those looking to challenge decisions made by immigration authorities. By understanding the steps involved, you can navigate the process more effectively and protect your rights.

Let us delve into the steps of the JR process:

• Apply for leave and judicial review, which requires a filing fee of $50.
• If the judge grants leave, you will likely attend an oral hearing. Sometimes, immigration authorities may settle before the hearing, eliminating the need for it. If the judge denies leave, you lose the case without an option to appeal.
• At the hearing, the judge can either:
• Allow the judicial review, leading to the reopening of your application by the immigration authorities.
• Dismiss the judicial review, meaning the authorities will not reopen your application.
• A typical judicial review does not provide a right to appeal. However, if the Federal Court judge certifies a severe question of general importance, you may file an appeal with the Federal Court of Appeal.

Always remember that the specific process may vary based on the details of your case.

Timelines for Filing a Judicial Review in Canada

If you are considering filing a judicial review (JR), it is crucial to act quickly due to strict deadlines.

For decisions made inside Canada, you have only 15 days from the date you receive the decision to submit a JR application. For decisions made outside of Canada, the deadline extends to 60 days.

It is highly recommended that you consult an immigration lawyer as soon as you receive the decision.

While there are fixed filing deadlines, predicting the processing time of a JR is much more challenging. In some cases, the Court may agree to extend the deadline under specific circumstances [A72(2)(c)]. The time it takes for the process can vary significantly.

For instance, a recent JR hearing involving over 100 people took four years from the initial filing to the hearing. However, the hearing process usually concludes in under a year for individual cases.

Is Requesting Reconsideration a Viable Alternative to Judicial Review?

A request for reconsideration can be made regarding an immigration decision, but the likelihood of success is typically low. You must view this option as supplementary rather than a replacement for a judicial review. You may file a reconsideration request just days before initiating the judicial review process or even simultaneously.

For judicial review cases, having a lawyer by your side is essential. While we specialize in IAD cases and various non-court issues, our immigration lawyer is ready to assist you. Schedule a consultation or complete our assessment form to get started.

At ImmiLaw Immigration Law Professional Corporation, we are here to guide you through every step of your immigration journey.

Contact us today for your queries.

Read to Know: Post-Graduation Work Permits (PGWP) for International Students:All you need to know!

How to Apply for Canadian PR on Humanitarian and Compassionate Grounds?

by Immilaw Team | Sep 13, 2024 | Canada Immigration

The Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) application offers a pathway to Canadian PR for individuals who cannot meet standard immigration criteria due to exceptional circumstances. This route is generally pursued as a last resort once other immigration options have been exhausted or when no other viable pathways are available.

The H&C application is primarily designed for those already residing in Canada. It addresses unique and compelling situations, such as long-term establishment, family connections, criminal or medical issues, or de facto family relationships. While it is possible for individuals outside Canada to apply, Immigration, Refugees, and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) rarely consider such applications.

The procedure is distinct and is left up to the judgement of immigration authorities. Applicants must provide substantial evidence and convincing reasons to show why their situation deserves an exception.

Who Can Apply for Humanitarian and Compassionate Grounds?

On the grounds of humanitarianism and compassion (H&C), foreign persons who are residing in Canada but do not currently hold legal immigration status may apply for permanent residence.

• People who have overstayed their visas.
• They were excluded from the family class because their sponsor didn’t declare their existence or have them examined.
• They had a refugee claim denied more than a year ago.

Who is Excluded from the H & C?

• Before submitting an application for H&C, those who have an active refugee claim must withdraw it.
• Ineligible are those who received an adverse decision from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) in the past 12 months, except those with young children or severe medical conditions.
• Those who in the previous 12 months, retracted their refugee application.
• Designated Foreign Nationals and individuals considered “irregular arrivals” into Canada are excluded for five years.

What conditions must you meet in order to prolong your stay in Canada while filing an H&C claim?

Extending your stay in Canada during a pending Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) claim requires careful attention to maintaining your legal status. You must ensure that your work permit, study permit, or visitor visa remains valid while processing your application. This is crucial, as any lapse in your status could lead to a removal order.

Let us see the steps to maintain Legal status during an H&C Application:

• Apply for an extension before your current permit or visa expires.
• Meet the conditions of your current status, ensuring you continue to comply with all regulations (e.g., only work or study with the proper authorization).
• Fulfill the criteria for the category under which you are applying to extend your stay.
• Opt for Online submission for quicker processing, though paper applications are also accepted.

How can you renew an expired Canadian Resident status?

Renewing an expired Canadian resident status requires meeting specific eligibility criteria and taking timely action before your PR card expires. Before leaving Canada as a permanent resident, make sure your card is valid for a minimum of six months. If the expiry date is approaching, apply for a renewal while still in the country.

If you wish to renew your PR status, keep in mind that you must be :

• A permanent resident of Canada.
• Be physically present in Canada.
• Not hold a Canadian citizenship or an Indian Act registration.
• Not be under a removal order.
• Not have been convicted of an offence

If your PR card is lost, stolen, or expires while abroad, request a Permanent Resident Travel Document (PRTD) to return to Canada. You must have this document to re-enter. You can apply for a renewal of your PR card once you’re back in Canada.

What is the process for a H&C application?

Applying for Canadian PR on H&C grounds is a detailed process requiring careful attention. You may begin by:

• Complete all required forms and gather the necessary documents.
• Submission letter that clearly explains your situation and the reasons for your H&C claim.
• Apply and pay the required processing fees.

After submitting your application, Immigration officers will assess your case to determine if your circumstances justify granting you PR. They may consider the certain aspects that help determine whether granting permanent residence on H&C grounds is justified.

Among the variables that could be taken into account include, but are not restricted to:

• Establishment in Canada
• Unable to depart Canada, which resulted in the creation
• Being cut off from family or having connections to Canada
• Best interests of any kids your application may impact
• Health considerations
• Family violence considerations
• Consequences of your separation from relatives
• Elements in your nation of origin (unrelated to applying for protection)
• Anything else you would want to have had taken into account that is pertinent but unrelated to requesting protection.

Consideration of the Child’s Best Interests

When assessing your application, the best interests of any children directly affected by the decision will be carefully considered.

A few examples of variables that could be relevant to the child’s best interests are as follows:

• child’s age
• child’s establishment in Canada
• circumstances in the child’s nation of origin that may have an effect
• child’s medical needs
• child’s education
• child’s gender

Please note that the best interests of a child are one of many significant considerations that the decision-maker will take into account.

You may include critical documents:

• Provide credible third-party documents.
• Include medical reports.
• Submit expert opinions on your home country’s conditions.
• Attach income records.
• Provide recommendations from employers or other relevant individuals.

If your application is accepted, you may apply for permanent residence on H&C grounds. If, for some unfortunate reason, your application is rejected, you may appeal to the Federal Court of Canada within 15 days. But the procedure is intricate and necessitates legal knowledge.

Also remember that online stay extension requests usually process in about three months, while paper applications often take a bit longer. It’s essential to maintain your legal status in Canada and avoid international travel during this time, as you may need to attend interviews or provide additional documentation.

Steps to Apply for H& C Grounds

Applying for Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) grounds involves completing several forms and providing detailed information. Here’s how to proceed:

If you are already in Canada

• Fill out the general application: For immigration to Canada, use Form IMM 0008.
• Submit the H&C exemption request: Fill out Form IMM 5283 to request an exemption based on Humanitarian and Compassionate grounds.

If you are applying from outside Canada

• Select an immigration class: Choose from the refugee, family, or economic class forms.
• Include your H&C reasons: Provide detailed reasons for seeking relief on Humanitarian and Compassionate grounds in your application.

What are valid Humanitarian Grounds for Application?

Applying on humanitarian grounds may be justified by:

• Seeking permanent residence in Canada due to established economic ties.
• Having little children who might be harmed by the applicant’s removal from Canada
• Facing a life-threatening medical condition that is untreatable in the applicant’s home country.
• Experiencing threats or fear from individuals in their home country.

5 FAQs

1. What should I do if my Humanitarian & Compassionate (H&C) application is refused?

If you face a refusal, don’t worry! You still have 15 days to file an Application for Leave and Judicial Review with the Federal Court of Canada. The court will return your application for reconsideration if it finds it to be meritorious.

2. How long does it typically take to process an H&C application?

The H&C application process can be quite lengthy, often taking around two to three years. The good news is that you can stay in Canada while your application is being reviewed if you make additional applications.

3. What is the duration of a humanitarian visa once it’s granted?

Once granted, a humanitarian visa leads to permanent resident status, which generally requires you to reside in Canada for at least two years, though there are some exceptions.

4. How can I ensure my H&C application is as strong as possible?

To strengthen the application, you may gather and present detailed documentation, including evidence of your circumstances and any supporting third-party documents. Seeking guidance from experienced immigration lawyers/ ImmiLaw Immigration can also significantly boost your chances.

5. What role can ImmiLaw Immigration play in my H&C application process?

ImmiLaw Immigration Law Professional Corporation can be a game-changer for your H&C application! Our expert team of immigration lawyers will help prepare your case, compile necessary documents, and navigate the complex legal process, ensuring you have the best chance of success.

Feel free to contact us

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